Uterine Fibroids: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

What Are Uterine Fibroids?

Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous growths that form in or on the uterus. Many women develop uterine fibroids during their reproductive years. Although these growths are usually harmless, they can cause discomfort or other problems. According to the CDC, fibroids are common and affect many women worldwide. Some women may not notice any symptoms, while others may need treatment for uterine fibroids.

Common Symptoms of Uterine Fibroids

Not all women with uterine fibroids have symptoms. However, some signs are more common than others. For example, you may notice changes in your menstrual cycle. Here are some typical uterine fibroid symptoms:

Heavy or long menstrual periods

Pain or pressure in the lower belly

Frequent urination

Feeling full quickly or bloating

Back or leg pain

Pain during sex

Difficulty getting pregnant

Even though these symptoms can be caused by other conditions, it is important to talk to your doctor if you notice them.

Causes and Risk Factors

Doctors do not know the exact causes of uterine fibroids. However, several factors may increase your risk. For instance, hormones like estrogen and progesterone seem to play a role. Here are some common risk factors:

Family history of fibroids

Being between ages 30 and 50

Obesity or being overweight

Early start of menstruation

Eating a lot of red meat

Not eating enough fruits and vegetables

Although you cannot control all risk factors, making healthy choices may help lower your risk.

How Uterine Fibroids Are Diagnosed

Doctors use several methods for the diagnosis of uterine fibroids. First, your doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history. Then, a pelvic exam may be done to check for changes in the uterus. In addition, imaging tests help confirm the diagnosis. Common tests include:

Ultrasound: Uses sound waves to create images of the uterus

MRI: Gives detailed pictures of fibroids and the uterus

Hysteroscopy: Looks inside the uterus with a thin, lighted tube

Blood tests: Rule out other causes of symptoms

After diagnosis, your doctor will discuss the best treatment for uterine fibroids based on your needs.

Treatment Options for Uterine Fibroids

Treatment for uterine fibroids depends on your symptoms, age, and plans for pregnancy. Sometimes, no treatment is needed if symptoms are mild. However, if you have pain or heavy bleeding, your doctor may suggest:

Medications to control symptoms or shrink fibroids

Non-surgical procedures, such as uterine artery embolization

Minimally invasive surgery, like myomectomy, to remove fibroids

Hysterectomy, or removal of the uterus, for severe cases

Each option has benefits and risks. Therefore, it is important to discuss them with your doctor.

Lifestyle Tips and Prevention

While you cannot always prevent uterine fibroids, healthy habits may help. For example, eating a balanced diet and staying active can lower your risk. Here are some tips:

Eat more fruits and vegetables

Limit red meat and processed foods

Maintain a healthy weight

Exercise regularly

See your doctor for regular check-ups

Even though these steps cannot guarantee prevention, they support your overall health.

When to See a Doctor

Sometimes, uterine fibroids do not cause problems. However, you should see a doctor if you notice:

Heavy or painful periods

Pelvic pain or pressure

Problems with urination or bowel movements

Difficulty getting pregnant

Early diagnosis can help you get the right treatment for uterine fibroids and avoid complications.

Conclusion and Call-to-Action

Uterine fibroids are common and often treatable. Although they can cause discomfort, many women find relief with the right care. If you have symptoms or concerns, do not wait. Consult a gynecologist at Jivanrekha Multispeciality Hospital Pvt Ltd for personalized advice on uterine fibroids.